{"id":8,"date":"2012-11-08T16:22:38","date_gmt":"2012-11-08T07:22:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/singularities.sfc.keio.ac.jp\/wp\/?page_id=8"},"modified":"2013-03-04T17:36:01","modified_gmt":"2013-03-04T08:36:01","slug":"whatis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/singularities.sfc.keio.ac.jp\/wp\/?page_id=8","title":{"rendered":"de Duve\u306esingularity"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Singularity&#8221; \u306f\u3001\u300c\u7279\u7570\u70b9\u300d\u3068\u8a33\u3055\u308c\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u306a\u3069\u306e\u9818\u57df\u3067\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3065\u3051\u3089\u308c\u305f\u5c02\u9580\u7528\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<br \/>\nDe Duve \u306f\u3001singularity \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8449\u3092\u3001\u751f\u547d\u9032\u5316\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u7528\u3044\u305f (de Duve C, 2005) \u3002\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u306e\u751f\u547d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u3014\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3015\u3092\u5171\u901a\u3057\u3066\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5f62\u8cea\u304c\u6570\u591a\u304f\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3057\u305f\u201c\u305f\u3063\u305f\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e\u3084\u308a\u65b9\u201d\u306b\u5b9a\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3014\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3015\u3092\u3001de Duve \u306f singularity \u3068\u547c\u3093\u3060\u3002de Duve \u306e\u6319\u3052\u308b singularity \u306b\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7d30\u80de\u304b\u3089\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u3001\u6838\u9178\u3001\u8102\u8cea\u306a\u3069\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u751f\u547d\u306b\u5171\u901a\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u304c\u591a\u6570\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u751f\u547d\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u30ad\u30e9\u30eb\u6027\u304c\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u7a2e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8457\u3057\u304f\u504f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u4f8b\u5916\u3092\u9664\u304d\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u907a\u4f1d\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff24\uff2e\uff21\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u4f1d\u9054\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff21\uff34\uff30\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30f3\u52fe\u914d\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u751f\u547d\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u304c\u7279\u7570\u7684 singular \u3067\u3042\u308b\u7406\u7531\u306f\u3001\u5171\u901a\u7956\u5148\u304c\u305d\u306e\u3014\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3015\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3001\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u3014\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3015\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3089\u3060\u3002de Duve \u304c\u554f\u3046\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u5171\u901a\u7956\u5148\u304c\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u3014\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3015\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u201c\u305d\u306e\u201d\u3014\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3015\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3044\u305f\u3063\u305f\u7d4c\u7def\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<br \/>\nde Duve \u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306esingularity\u306e\u6210\u56e0\u306f\u3001\u5927\u304d\u304f\uff17\u3064\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3068\u63d0\u6848\u3057\u3001singularity \u3068\u305d\u306e\u6210\u56e0\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8996\u5ea7\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u3067\u8d77\u3053\u3063\u305f\u751f\u547d\u9032\u5316\u306b\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u5c55\u671b\u3092\u5f97\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3002<br \/>\n\uff17\u3064\u306e\u6210\u56e0\u306e\u6982\u8981\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Deterministic Necessity\uff3b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\uff3d<\/strong>\uff1a\u7269\u7406\u6cd5\u5247\u3001\u5730\u7403\u74b0\u5883\u7b49\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5fc5\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u751f\u8d77\u3057\u305f singularity\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Selective Bottleneck\uff3b\u5916\u90e8\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u3088\u308b\u9078\u629e\uff3d<\/strong>\uff1a\u5916\u90e8\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u3088\u308b\u9078\u629e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b singularity\u3002\u30c0\u30fc\u30a6\u30a3\u30f3\u9032\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u7136\u9078\u629e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Restrictive Bottleneck\uff3b\u5185\u90e8\u8a2d\u8a08\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5236\u7d04\uff3d<\/strong>\uff1a\u5185\u90e8\u8a2d\u8a08\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5236\u7d04\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b singularity\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u9032\u5316\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5236\u7d04\u306a\u3069\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pseudo Bottleneck\uff3b\u898b\u304b\u3051\u3060\u3051\u306e\u5236\u7d04\uff3d<\/strong>\uff1a\u89b3\u5bdf\u8005\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u898b\u306a\u3093\u3089\u304b\u306e\u9078\u629e\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u5076\u7136\u751f\u3058\u305f singularity\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Frozen Accident\uff3b\u51cd\u7d50\u3057\u305f\u5076\u7136\uff3d<\/strong>\uff1a\u904e\u53bb\u306b\u751f\u3058\u305f\u5076\u7136\u304c\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u62d8\u675f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u72b6\u6cc1\u3002\u907a\u4f1d\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306a\u3069\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fantastic Luck\uff3b\u3068\u3066\u3064\u3082\u306a\u3044\u5e78\u904b\uff3d<\/strong>\uff1a\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u73fe\u5b9f\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3057\u3001\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u305f singularity\u3002\u30d2\u30c8\u306e\u9032\u5316\u3082\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5f53\u305f\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Intelligent Design\uff3b\u77e5\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\uff3d<\/strong>\uff1a\u795e\u306a\u3069\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3067\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u306a\u77e5\u6027\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u5916\u3060\u304c\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5426\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u5206\u985e\u306f\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u3060\u304c\u3001\u3044\u304f\u3089\u304b\u306e\u6df7\u4e71\u3082\u542b\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3002Intelligent design \u3092\u6319\u3052\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3001\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u3092\u671f\u3059\u305f\u3081\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u3067\u306f intelligent design \u3092\u8b70\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9f\u4e0a\u3001\u691c\u8a0e\u5bfe\u8c61\u5916\u3068\u3044\u3048\u308b\u3002Pseudo bottleneck \u306f\u3001\u89b3\u5bdf\u8005\u306e\u8996\u70b9\u306b\u7acb\u3063\u305f\u5206\u985e\u3068\u3044\u3048\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u308b singularity \u306f\u3001\u898b\u304b\u3051\u4e0a\u306e singularity \u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3001\u771f\u306e singularity \u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306a singularity \u306e\u5206\u985e\u9805\u76ee\u304b\u3089\u306f\u9664\u5916\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3082\u306e\u3060\u3002\u771f\u306e singularity \u3092\u5206\u985e\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3014Deterministic Necessity\u3015\u3014Selective Bottleneck\u3015\u3014Restrictive Bottleneck\u3015\u3014Frozen Accident\u3015\u3014Fantastic Luck\u3015\u306e\u9451\u5225\u3092\u8b70\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Singularity \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8996\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u751f\u547d\u3092\u773a\u3081\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u3067\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u306b\u3001\u3044\u304b\u306b\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5076\u7136\u304c\u4f5c\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u601d\u3044\u3092\u81f4\u3055\u3056\u308b\u3092\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3002\u60c5\u5831\u4fdd\u5b58\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u6838\u9178\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3001\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u751f\u547d\u306e\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u4e2d\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3067\u3059\u3089\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u306f\u3044\u3044\u304c\u305f\u3044\u3002<br \/>\n\u751f\u547d\u9032\u5316\u3068\u305d\u306e\u5076\u7136\u6027\uff08\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\uff09\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u30e2\u30ce\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u308b\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u8ad6\u8003 (\u30b8\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u30fb\u30e2\u30ce\u30fc et.al., 1972) \u3092\u5686\u77e2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6570\u591a\u304f\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u304c\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u6b63\u9762\u304b\u3089\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3080\u306e\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u554f\u3044\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002de Duve\u3082\u3001\u8457\u66f8\u3001\u8b1b\u6f14\u3067\u306fsingularity\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a9e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001singularity \u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u306f\uff11\u5831\u3082\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5076\u7136\u306b\u306f\u7406\u7531\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3002<br \/>\n\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306f\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u4e88\u6e2c\u304c\u3001\u4f55\u5ea6\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u3066\u3082\u4f8b\u5916\u306a\u304f\u4e88\u6e2c\u3069\u304a\u308a\u89b3\u5bdf\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u691c\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5076\u7136\u4e8b\u8c61\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u306f\u671b\u3081\u305d\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3044\u3002<br \/>\n\u751f\u547d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u751f\u547d\u9032\u5316\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5076\u7136\u3068\u5fc5\u7136\u306e\u7d61\u307f\u3042\u3044\u3092\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6b63\u9762\u304b\u3089\u6311\u6226\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5076\u7136\u3068\u5fc5\u7136\u306e\u554f\u3044\u306f\u3001\u6700\u521d\u306e\u751f\u547d\u306e\u8a95\u751f\u304b\u3089\u73fe\u5728\u307e\u3067\u3001\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u306e\u751f\u547d\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d4c\u7def\u3092\u305f\u3069\u3063\u3066\u9032\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3014\u6b74\u53f2\u3015\u306e\u554f\u3044\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002<br \/>\nde Duve \u306e\u30a2\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e singularity \u304c\u751f\u8d77\u3057\u305f\u6a5f\u8ee2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u7d5e\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3064\u3002<br \/>\n\u5076\u7136\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u7e54\u308a\u4ea4\u305c\u306a\u304c\u3089\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u306e\u751f\u547d\u9032\u5316\u306f\u3001\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306a\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7269\u7406\u904e\u7a0b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308a\u306f\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u5074\u9762\u3092\u6301\u3061\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u56f0\u96e3\u306a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5076\u7136\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3042\u307e\u305f\u306e\u5076\u7136\u3092\u7523\u307f\u3060\u3059\u4e2d\u6838\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5fc5\u7136\u3068\u547c\u3079\u308b\u78ba\u56fa\u3068\u3057\u305f\u57fa\u5e79\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\u3001\u4f55\u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u3067\u3001\u4f55\u304c\u5076\u7136\u304b\u306f\u3001\u6642\u9593\u306e\u7d4c\u904e\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u79fb\u308a\u304b\u308f\u308b\u3002Crick \u304c\u540d\u4ed8\u3051\u3001de Duve \u3082\uff17\u3064\u306e singularity \u306e\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306b\u6570\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b frozen accident \u306a\u3069\u304c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u3060\u304c\u3001\u5076\u7136\u306b\u751f\u8d77\u3057\u305f\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306e\u751f\u547d\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u652f\u914d\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u7136\u306b\u5909\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u6570\u8d77\u3053\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u907a\u4f1d\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b\u5206\u5b50\u306b DNA \u3092\u9078\u3093\u3060\u3053\u3068\u3001\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u4f1d\u9054\u5206\u5b50\u306b ATP \u3092\u9078\u3093\u3060\u3053\u3068\u306a\u3069\u306f\u3001\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u5fc5\u7136\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5076\u7136\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u964d\u5730\u4e0a\u306b\u51fa\u73fe\u3057\u305f\u5b50\u5b6b\u305f\u3061\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u5ea6\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u306f\u3001\u9003\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u307b\u307c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u5fc5\u7136\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u751f\u547d\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u5076\u7136\u3068\u5fc5\u7136\u306f\u3001\u9759\u7684\u4e0d\u5909\u306a\u5c5e\u6027\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7684\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u5c5e\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u9077\u79fb\u306f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5076\u7136\u304b\u3089\u5fc5\u7136\u3078\u306e\u4e00\u65b9\u901a\u884c\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u306a\u305c<\/strong>\u3001\u3044\u307e\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u306b\u751f\u304d\u308b\u751f\u547d\u306f\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u59ff\u5f62\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001<strong>\u3053\u306e<\/strong>\u59ff\u5f62\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u554f\u3044\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u751f\u547d\u9032\u5316\u306e\u6642\u9593\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u3001\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u9077\u79fb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u5f62\u8cea\u306e\u5076\u7136\uff0f\u5fc5\u7136\u3092\u89e3\u304d\u307b\u3050\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304b\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>References<\/h3><ul><li style=\"text-indent:-30px; padding: 3px 0 3px 30px\">de Duve C, 2005. <em>Singularities: Landmarks on the Pathways of Life<\/em>. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.<\/li><li style=\"text-indent:-30px; padding: 3px 0 3px 30px\">\u30b8\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u30fb\u30e2\u30ce\u30fc et.al., 1972. <em>\u5076\u7136\u3068\u5fc5\u7136<\/em>. \u307f\u3059\u305a\u66f8\u623f.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Singularity&#8221; \u306f\u3001\u300c\u7279\u7570\u70b9\u300d\u3068\u8a33\u3055\u308c\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u306a\u3069\u306e\u9818\u57df\u3067\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3065\u3051\u3089\u308c\u305f\u5c02\u9580\u7528\u8a9e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002 De Duve \u306f\u3001singularity \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8449\u3092\u3001\u751f\u547d\u9032\u5316\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u7528\u3044\u305f \u3002\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u306e\u751f\u547d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u306e\u3014\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3015\u3092\u5171\u901a\u3057\u3066\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5f62\u8cea\u304c\u6570\u591a\u304f\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3057\u305f\u201c\u305f\u3063\u305f\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e\u3084\u308a\u65b9\u201d\u306b\u5b9a\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3014\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3015\u3092\u3001de Duve \u306f singularity \u3068\u547c\u3093\u3060\u3002de Duve \u306e\u6319\u3052\u308b singularity \u306b\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002 \u7d30\u80de\u304b\u3089\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002 \u7d30\u80de\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u3001\u6838\u9178\u3001\u8102\u8cea\u306a\u3069\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u751f\u547d\u306b\u5171\u901a\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u304c\u591a\u6570\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002 \u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u751f\u547d\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u30ad\u30e9\u30eb\u6027\u304c\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u7a2e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8457\u3057\u304f\u504f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002 \u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u4f8b\u5916\u3092\u9664\u304d\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002 \u907a\u4f1d\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff24\uff2e\uff21\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u4f1d\u9054\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\uff21\uff34\uff30\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002 \u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30f3\u52fe\u914d\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u751f\u547d\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3002 \u3053\u308c\u304c\u7279\u7570\u7684 singular \u3067\u3042\u308b\u7406\u7531\u306f\u3001\u5171\u901a\u7956\u5148\u304c\u305d\u306e\u3014\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3015\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3001\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u3014\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3015\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3089\u3060\u3002de Duve \u304c\u554f\u3046\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u5171\u901a\u7956\u5148\u304c\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u3014\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3015\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u201c\u305d\u306e\u201d\u3014\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3015\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3044\u305f\u3063\u305f\u7d4c\u7def\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002 de Duve \u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306esingularity\u306e\u6210\u56e0\u306f\u3001\u5927\u304d\u304f\uff17\u3064\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3068\u63d0\u6848\u3057\u3001singularity \u3068\u305d\u306e\u6210\u56e0\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8996\u5ea7\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u3067\u8d77\u3053\u3063\u305f\u751f\u547d\u9032\u5316\u306b\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u5c55\u671b\u3092\u5f97\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3002 \uff17\u3064\u306e\u6210\u56e0\u306e\u6982\u8981\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002 Deterministic Necessity\uff3b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\uff3d\uff1a\u7269\u7406\u6cd5\u5247\u3001\u5730\u7403\u74b0\u5883\u7b49\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5fc5\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u751f\u8d77\u3057\u305f singularity\u3002 Selective Bottleneck\uff3b\u5916\u90e8\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u3088\u308b\u9078\u629e\uff3d\uff1a\u5916\u90e8\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u3088\u308b\u9078\u629e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b singularity\u3002\u30c0\u30fc\u30a6\u30a3\u30f3\u9032\u5316\u306b\u3088\u308b\u81ea\u7136\u9078\u629e\u3002 Restrictive Bottleneck\uff3b\u5185\u90e8\u8a2d\u8a08\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5236\u7d04\uff3d\uff1a\u5185\u90e8\u8a2d\u8a08\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5236\u7d04\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u3058\u308b singularity\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u306e\u9032\u5316\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5236\u7d04\u306a\u3069\u3002 Pseudo Bottleneck\uff3b\u898b\u304b\u3051\u3060\u3051\u306e\u5236\u7d04\uff3d\uff1a\u89b3\u5bdf\u8005\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u898b\u306a\u3093\u3089\u304b\u306e\u9078\u629e\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u5076\u7136\u751f\u3058\u305f singularity\u3002 Frozen Accident\uff3b\u51cd\u7d50\u3057\u305f\u5076\u7136\uff3d\uff1a\u904e\u53bb\u306b\u751f\u3058\u305f\u5076\u7136\u304c\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u62d8\u675f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u72b6\u6cc1\u3002\u907a\u4f1d\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306a\u3069\u3002 Fantastic Luck\uff3b\u3068\u3066\u3064\u3082\u306a\u3044\u5e78\u904b\uff3d\uff1a\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u73fe\u5b9f\u306b\u767a\u751f\u3057\u3001\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u305f singularity\u3002\u30d2\u30c8\u306e\u9032\u5316\u3082\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5f53\u305f\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002 Intelligent Design\uff3b\u77e5\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\uff3d\uff1a\u795e\u306a\u3069\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3067\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u306a\u77e5\u6027\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306e\u5bfe\u8c61\u5916\u3060\u304c\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5426\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u5206\u985e\u306f\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u3060\u304c\u3001\u3044\u304f\u3089\u304b\u306e\u6df7\u4e71\u3082\u542b\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3002Intelligent design \u3092\u6319\u3052\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3001\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u3092\u671f\u3059\u305f\u3081\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u3067\u306f intelligent design \u3092\u8b70\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9f\u4e0a\u3001\u691c\u8a0e\u5bfe\u8c61\u5916\u3068\u3044\u3048\u308b\u3002Pseudo bottleneck \u306f\u3001\u89b3\u5bdf\u8005\u306e\u8996\u70b9\u306b\u7acb\u3063\u305f\u5206\u985e\u3068\u3044\u3048\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u308b singularity \u306f\u3001\u898b\u304b\u3051\u4e0a\u306e singularity \u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3001\u771f\u306e singularity \u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306a singularity \u306e\u5206\u985e\u9805\u76ee\u304b\u3089\u306f\u9664\u5916\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3082\u306e\u3060\u3002\u771f\u306e singularity \u3092\u5206\u985e\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3014Deterministic Necessity\u3015\u3014Selective Bottleneck\u3015\u3014Restrictive Bottleneck\u3015\u3014Frozen Accident\u3015\u3014Fantastic Luck\u3015\u306e\u9451\u5225\u3092\u8b70\u8ad6\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002 Singularity \u3068\u3044\u3046\u8996\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u751f\u547d\u3092\u773a\u3081\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u3067\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u306b\u3001\u3044\u304b\u306b\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5076\u7136\u304c\u4f5c\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u601d\u3044\u3092\u81f4\u3055\u3056\u308b\u3092\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3002\u60c5\u5831\u4fdd\u5b58\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u6838\u9178\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3001\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3001\u751f\u547d\u306e\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u4e2d\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3067\u3059\u3089\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u306f\u3044\u3044\u304c\u305f\u3044\u3002 \u751f\u547d\u9032\u5316\u3068\u305d\u306e\u5076\u7136\u6027\uff08\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\uff09\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u30e2\u30ce\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u308b\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u8ad6\u8003 \u3092\u5686\u77e2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6570\u591a\u304f\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u5c55\u958b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u304c\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u6b63\u9762\u304b\u3089\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3080\u306e\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u554f\u3044\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002de Duve\u3082\u3001\u8457\u66f8\u3001\u8b1b\u6f14\u3067\u306fsingularity\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a9e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001singularity \u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u306f\uff11\u5831\u3082\u306a\u3044\u3002 \u5076\u7136\u306b\u306f\u7406\u7531\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3002 \u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306f\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u56e0\u679c\u95a2\u4fc2\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u76f8\u95a2\u95a2\u4fc2\u306e\u9023\u9396\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002 \u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u4e88\u6e2c\u304c\u3001\u4f55\u5ea6\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u3066\u3082\u4f8b\u5916\u306a\u304f\u4e88\u6e2c\u3069\u304a\u308a\u89b3\u5bdf\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u691c\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5076\u7136\u4e8b\u8c61\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u306f\u671b\u3081\u305d\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3044\u3002 \u751f\u547d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u751f\u547d\u9032\u5316\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5076\u7136\u3068\u5fc5\u7136\u306e\u7d61\u307f\u3042\u3044\u3092\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6b63\u9762\u304b\u3089\u6311\u6226\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u3002 \u5076\u7136\u3068\u5fc5\u7136\u306e\u554f\u3044\u306f\u3001\u6700\u521d\u306e\u751f\u547d\u306e\u8a95\u751f\u304b\u3089\u73fe\u5728\u307e\u3067\u3001\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u306e\u751f\u547d\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7d4c\u7def\u3092\u305f\u3069\u3063\u3066\u9032\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3014\u6b74\u53f2\u3015\u306e\u554f\u3044\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002 de Duve \u306e\u30a2\u30a4\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e singularity \u304c\u751f\u8d77\u3057\u305f\u6a5f\u8ee2\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7126\u70b9\u3092\u7d5e\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3064\u3002 \u5076\u7136\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u7e54\u308a\u4ea4\u305c\u306a\u304c\u3089\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u306e\u751f\u547d\u9032\u5316\u306f\u3001\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306a\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7269\u7406\u904e\u7a0b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308a\u306f\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u5074\u9762\u3092\u6301\u3061\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u56f0\u96e3\u306a\u5bfe\u8c61\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5076\u7136\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3068\u3044\u3063\u3066\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3042\u307e\u305f\u306e\u5076\u7136\u3092\u7523\u307f\u3060\u3059\u4e2d\u6838\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5fc5\u7136\u3068\u547c\u3079\u308b\u78ba\u56fa\u3068\u3057\u305f\u57fa\u5e79\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002 \u307e\u305f\u3001\u4f55\u304c\u5fc5\u7136\u3067\u3001\u4f55\u304c\u5076\u7136\u304b\u306f\u3001\u6642\u9593\u306e\u7d4c\u904e\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u79fb\u308a\u304b\u308f\u308b\u3002Crick \u304c\u540d\u4ed8\u3051\u3001de Duve \u3082\uff17\u3064\u306e singularity \u306e\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306b\u6570\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b frozen accident \u306a\u3069\u304c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u3060\u304c\u3001\u5076\u7136\u306b\u751f\u8d77\u3057\u305f\u4e8b\u8c61\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306e\u751f\u547d\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306b\u652f\u914d\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u7136\u306b\u5909\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u6570\u8d77\u3053\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u907a\u4f1d\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b\u5206\u5b50\u306b DNA \u3092\u9078\u3093\u3060\u3053\u3068\u3001\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u4f1d\u9054\u5206\u5b50\u306b ATP \u3092\u9078\u3093\u3060\u3053\u3068\u306a\u3069\u306f\u3001\u3044\u305a\u308c\u3082\u5fc5\u7136\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u5076\u7136\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u964d\u5730\u4e0a\u306b\u51fa\u73fe\u3057\u305f\u5b50\u5b6b\u305f\u3061\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u5ea6\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8a2d\u8a08\u306f\u3001\u9003\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u307b\u307c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u5fc5\u7136\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002 \u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u751f\u547d\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u5076\u7136\u3068\u5fc5\u7136\u306f\u3001\u9759\u7684\u4e0d\u5909\u306a\u5c5e\u6027\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7684\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u5c5e\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u52d5\u7684\u306a\u9077\u79fb\u306f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5076\u7136\u304b\u3089\u5fc5\u7136\u3078\u306e\u4e00\u65b9\u901a\u884c\u3060\u308d\u3046\u3002 \u306a\u305c\u3001\u3044\u307e\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u306b\u751f\u304d\u308b\u751f\u547d\u306f\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u59ff\u5f62\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u59ff\u5f62\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u554f\u3044\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u751f\u547d\u9032\u5316\u306e\u6642\u9593\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u5c55\u958b\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u3001\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u9077\u79fb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u5f62\u8cea\u306e\u5076\u7136\uff0f\u5fc5\u7136\u3092\u89e3\u304d\u307b\u3050\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304b\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":228,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/singularities.sfc.keio.ac.jp\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/singularities.sfc.keio.ac.jp\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/singularities.sfc.keio.ac.jp\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/singularities.sfc.keio.ac.jp\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/singularities.sfc.keio.ac.jp\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8"}],"version-history":[{"count":55,"href":"https:\/\/singularities.sfc.keio.ac.jp\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":705,"href":"https:\/\/singularities.sfc.keio.ac.jp\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8\/revisions\/705"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/singularities.sfc.keio.ac.jp\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/228"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/singularities.sfc.keio.ac.jp\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}